NANOTECHNOLOGY

Introduction

The art and science of manipulating and rearranging individual atoms and molecules to create useful materials, devices, and systems is called Nanotechnology. One nanometre is just one-billionth of a meter in size. Physicist Richard Feynman, who discussed this concept first in the year 1959, is called the father of nanotechnology.

Some of the applications of Nanotechnology are:- 

1. Nanoscale additives are used to make baseball bats, tennis rackets, motorcycle helmets, automobile bumpers etc making the parts stronger, and more wear resistant. 
2. Nanoscale additives help resist wrinkling, staining, and bacterial growth in clothes. 
3. Nanoscale thin films on eyeglasses, computer, camera displays, windows and other surfaces makes them water-repellent, resistant to ultraviolet or infrared light and scratch-resistant. 
4. Nano-engineered materials help to minimize carbon dioxide leakage out of carbonated beverages.
5. Sunscreens are utilizing nanoparticles that are extremely effective at absorbing light, especially in the ultra-violet (UV) range. 
6. Used in packaging, like beer bottles, as a barrier, allowing for thinner material, with a subsequently lighter weight, and greater shelf-life. Reduced weight means transportation costs decline. Changing from glass and aluminum - think beer and soda bottles - to plastic also reduces production costs.

Nanotechnology is an emerging and rapidly growing field whose dynamics and prospects pose many great challenges to scientists and engineers.Huge research all over the world is likely to bring out further benefits by use of this technology in diverse fields.